Sunday 21 June 2020

History I Unit 1 Milestone 1 Sophia Course

1
Which of the following historians is analyzing the European perspective of history?
Nadir interviews his state representative about the Bill of Rights.
Natalie travels to sites where battles took place in the American Revolution.
Nate studies the uniforms worn in the American Revolution by both armies.
Nan reviews English military records from the American Revolution.

Think About It: What is History?
2











Which native civilization practiced sacrificial rites that involved the removal of a living person's heart?
The Aztec
The Maya
The Pueblo
The Olmec

The First Settlers
3
Choose the statement that best describes why slavery became racialized in the Americas.
The idea of chattel slavery remained rare in Africa and Europe, and the New World followed suit.
African workers refused to work for a wage in the Americas, so they were enslaved.
The success of plantations was dependent on a permanent and identifiable labor supply.
African nations began to outlaw slavery, and slave traders sought a new market for slaves.

African Society and Slavery
4
Which country eventually came to dominate the Atlantic slave trade?
Portugal
England
France
Spain

The Atlantic World
5
What contributed to the ultimate failure of 16th century Spanish expeditions to the north, in what is now the American West?
Failure to find large deposits of precious metals like gold.
Patterns of unforgiving weather in the Rocky Mountains
The unintended spread of European diseases to native populations
Lack of support from Spanish leadership, including the monarchy

Spanish Contact
6
Which of the following led to England's acquisition of the middle colonies?
King Charles II wanted peace with the Dutch, so he traded military support for land in the New World.
King Charles II needed a place to send Quakers and other groups he didn't like into exile.
King Charles II settled political unrest in England by waging war against the Dutch, a common enemy.
King Charles II believed that England had a right to all the land between its northern and southern colonies.

Settling the Middle Colonies
7
Which English colony was founded in 1634 as a second source of tobacco production with a charter from King Charles I?
Maryland
Massachusetts Bay
Pennsylvania
Jamestown

The English Colonial Experiment: Virginia and Massachusetts
8
Dahlia gives a presentation on the Industrial Revolution and focuses on the role of natural resources in human affairs.

Which of the following is most likely a lens through which she is analyzing the past?
Class
Politics
Environment
Economics

The Lenses of History
9
Which of the following was a source of tension between English colonists and Native Americans?
Colonists refused to share their agricultural secrets with Native American tribes.
Virginia colonists found a variety of Native American tribes in the region with whom to form alliances.
Native Americans constantly mocked the colonists for their weaknesses.
Native Americans and colonists often competed over the same natural resources.

English and Native American Conflict
10
How did France's activity in the Americas differ from that of Spain?
The French fostered alliances with native peoples for commercial advantages, rather than military ones.
The French were not concerned with spreading Christianity to native peoples.
The French were motivated more by a desire to map the world than to establish colonies.
The French suffered from a high population density and saw colonization as a means to spread out.

French and Dutch Contact
11
Which factor initially prevented England from establishing permanent colonies in the Americas?
England didn't want to risk war with Spain, which already controlled much of the Americas.
Religious tensions spilled over into the Americas, which led many to wait until they settled down.
English citizens were too afraid to go to the Americas after the settlement at Roanoke disappeared.
The government was more concerned with religious and political disputes than with sponsoring colonization of the Americas.

English Contact
12
Which of the following motives played the biggest role in the European discovery of the New World?
Finding new civilizations in which to spread Christianity
Looking for new nations with which to form alliances
Making world maps more accurate and complete
Obtaining goods like spices and silk from civilizations in Asia

Maritime Exploration
13
Which of the following statements describes the process of globalization?
Under this system, raw materials from the New World were collected and then sent back to Europe by ship.
It occurred when tobacco, which had been used for ritual and medicinal purposes, became a source of revenue for traders.
It took place so that European empires could extract their share of the New World's natural resources.
It began when Europeans discovered the riches of the East in the 11th, 12th and 13th centuries.

The Columbian Exchange
14
"Interacting with natives on somewhat equal terms was demonstrated by sitting down with them."

The above statement is most representative of which group of European explorers?
Spanish
English
Dutch
French

Think About It: How Did Europeans Justify Colonization of the New World?
15
Many Native Americans were eager to trade with Europeans for advanced weaponry.

What was an economic effect of this trade?
Native Americans began harvesting the raw materials used to make muskets and gunpowder.
Native Americans began to hunt more beavers so they could trade the pelts for muskets.
Native Americans stopped trading with other tribes because now they could use muskets to steal from one another.
Native Americans began selling Europeans traditional native weaponry like bows and arrows in exchange.

Native American Interactions with Europeans
16
"What involvement did women have in the antislavery movement in 1800s America?"

Consider the above research question and choose the secondary source that is best suited to answer it.
An encyclopedia entry that provides details about slavery in the United States
A speech given by an American female antislavery activist in 1852
A book about the 19th century antislavery movement published this year by a historian
An encyclopedia entry that provides details about slavery in the United States

Analyzing Primary Sources
17
Which of the following were featured prominently in the economy of the northern colonies?
Agriculture and livestock
Cash crops like sugar and tobacco
Books and the ideas they contained
The slave trade

Settling the Northern Colonies
18
According to Robert Beverley, how did 17th century Virginians distinguish between servants and slaves?
Servants were freed after a period of some years, whereas slaves were forced to serve for life.
They were distinguished by where they worked: servants indoors and slaves in the fields.
Servants had a right to vote and be elected to political office, but slaves did not.
Female slaves could not be subjected to hard labor, but female servants could.

Settling the Southern Colonies
19
Which of the following statements is true?
Names and dates are the most important aspects of studying history.
The same events lead to the same historical narratives.
The way historians write about the same events changes over time.
History is best described as a timeline of people and events.

1
Which of the following was a source of tension between English colonists and Native Americans?
The growing Native American population placed pressure on colonial settlements.
Native Americans killed colonists indiscriminately, but the reverse was not true.
Colonists and various native groups sought to exploit each other to further their own ends.
Native Americans and colonists competed for control of the tobacco market.

English and Native American Conflict
2
Which of the following statements reflects the process of commodification?
Europeans profited by bringing tobacco from the New World back to Europe.
Merchants established sea routes to meet demand for luxury items.
European nations competed for access to the New World's resources.
The movement of people between Europe and the New World intensified.

The Columbian Exchange
3
Which of the following beliefs was advanced by the Puritans?
The pope is the lawful head of the whole church, not Henry VIII or any other national leader.
The Americas are a promised land specially reserved by God for Puritans.
Henry VIII's break with the Catholic Church should not be felt by ordinary people going about their religion.
By reading scripture, individuals can determine whether or not they have been chosen by God to be saved.

English Contact
4
Which of the following statements best describes the situation in Central America prior to the arrival of Spanish conquistadores?
Many native peoples resented the Aztec rulers and were ready to rebel.
The Aztec were a nomadic people, thinly spread through what is now Mexico.
Native cultures like the Aztec and Tlaxcalan were content to coexist peacefully.
The Aztec and Inca had been engaged in a centuries-long war for what is now Mexico City.

Spanish Contact
5
Choose the statement that best describes slavery before it was racialized.
Slavery was often a temporary condition and the result of debt, warfare or famine.
Slavery was well-known in Africa throughout history but not in other parts of the world.
Before slavery was racialized, it was uncommon for slaves to become part of the family.
Slavery was limited to religious groups who enslaved other religious groups.

African Society and Slavery
6
Many Native Americans were eager to trade with Europeans for advanced weaponry.

What was an economic effect of this trade?
Native Americans stopped trading with other tribes because now they could use muskets to steal from one another.
Native Americans began to hunt more beavers so they could trade the pelts for muskets.
Native Americans began harvesting the raw materials used to make muskets and gunpowder.
Native Americans began selling Europeans traditional native weaponry like bows and arrows in exchange.

Native American Interactions with Europeans
7
Why did immigrants from England and elsewhere enter into indentured servitude?
Indentured servants were all promised 50 acres of land upon completion of their term of service.
Most indentured servants were tricked or even kidnapped and forced into service.
Immigrants hoped that a period of indentured servitude would lead to a new, prosperous life in the Americas.
Indentured servitude in the New World exempted one from required military service back home.

Settling the Southern Colonies
8
When, "in fourteen hundred and ninety-two, Columbus sailed the ocean blue," what hypothesis was he attempting to prove?
Lands previously unknown to most of Europe existed to the west.
That newer, faster boats from Portugal could reach Asia before the crew's supplies ran out.
The Atlantic Ocean is smaller than most cartographers at the time believed.
The earth is round and therefore Asia could be reached by sailing west.

Maritime Exploration
9
"What involvement did women have in the antislavery movement in 1800s America?"

Consider the above research question and choose the secondary source that is best suited to answer it.
An encyclopedia entry that provides details about slavery in the United States
A book about the 19th century antislavery movement published this year by a historian
A speech given by an American female antislavery activist in 1852
An encyclopedia entry that provides details about slavery in the United States

Analyzing Primary Sources
10
What reason did the Quakers, who opposed slavery, give in support of their view?
"Christians are not supposed to treat others in ways they themselves would not like to be treated."
"We are the loyal subjects of Charles II. He opposes slavery, and thus do we."
"Many of us have had visions of slavery being abolished. It is thus the will of God."
"Other colonies are beginning to oppose slavery. We should as well so that we're not left behind."

Settling the Middle Colonies
11
Which of the following statements about governance in the northern colonies is true?
A central religious figure served by divine-right and was the highest authority.
Most adult men had the right to vote, no matter their economic status.
Competing political and religious ideologies were generally tolerated.
Women were invited to collaborate in the governance of both church and state.

Settling the Northern Colonies
12
Which of the following historians is analyzing the European perspective of history?
Nadir interviews his state representative about the Bill of Rights.
Nan reviews English military records from the American Revolution.
Natalie travels to sites where battles took place in the American Revolution.
Nate studies the uniforms worn in the American Revolution by both armies.

Think About It: What is History?
13
"If the natives do not submit to our total and absolute authority, we will destroy them and take their lands."

The above statement is most representative of which group of European explorers?
French
Spanish
Dutch
English

Think About It: How Did Europeans Justify Colonization of the New World?
14
Fabiola gives a presentation on the relationship between antibiotics and changes in quality of life in 20th century America.

Which of the following is most likely a lens with which she is analyzing the past?
Gender
Class
Law
Science

The Lenses of History
15
How did France's activity in the Americas differ from that of Spain?
The French were motivated more by a desire to map the world than to establish colonies.
The French fostered alliances with native peoples for commercial advantages, rather than military ones.
The French suffered from a high population density and saw colonization as a means to spread out.
The French were not concerned with spreading Christianity to native peoples.

French and Dutch Contact
16
Which of the following statements is true?
The way historians write about the same events changes over time.
Names and dates are the most important aspects of studying history.
History is best described as a timeline of people and events.
The same events lead to the same historical narratives.

The Historian's Practice
17
Which English colony was governed under the terms of the Mayflower Compact?
Jamestown
Massachusetts Bay
Maryland
Plymouth

The English Colonial Experiment: Virginia and Massachusetts
18
What role did New World exports play in the Triangular Trade?
Organic goods like tobacco were sent back to the specific colony's mother country.
Tobacco was used to lure Africans to the Americas where they would be enslaved.
Textiles, rum and other manufactured goods were sent to Africa in exchange for slaves.
African slaves were sent to Europe in exchange for goods like sugar, tobacco and cotton.

The Atlantic World
19
Which native civilization practiced sacrificial rites that involved the removal of a living person's heart?
The Maya
The Olmec
The Pueblo
The Aztec

The First Settlers






1
When, "in fourteen hundred and ninety-two, Columbus sailed the ocean blue," what hypothesis was he attempting to prove?
Lands previously unknown to most of Europe existed to the west.
That newer, faster boats from Portugal could reach Asia before the crew's supplies ran out.
The earth is round and therefore Asia could be reached by sailing west.
The Atlantic Ocean is smaller than most cartographers at the time believed.

Maritime Exploration
2
Which of the following was a source of tension between English colonists and Native Americans?
The growing Native American population placed pressure on colonial settlements.
Colonists and various native groups sought to exploit each other to further their own ends.
Native Americans and colonists competed for control of the tobacco market.
Native Americans killed colonists indiscriminately, but the reverse was not true.

English and Native American Conflict
3
What is one way that Nathaniel Bacon's 1675-76 rebellion contributed to the increasing presence of slavery in the decades that followed?
Bacon's Rebellion represented a challenge to the Protestant government of Virginia by non-Christian, black settlers, so their rights were taken away.
Bacon's Rebellion demanded that white settlers from Europe not have to work, so the government legalized black slavery.
Bacon's Rebellion pitted the working class against the elites, which made a labor force with no rights or power more attractive.
Bacon's Rebellion demanded a black presence in government, which made the whites in power take away the legal rights of blacks.

Settling the Southern Colonies
4
Which of the following historians is analyzing the European perspective of history?
Nadir interviews his state representative about the Bill of Rights.
Nan reviews English military records from the American Revolution.
Natalie travels to sites where battles took place in the American Revolution.
Nate studies the uniforms worn in the American Revolution by both armies.

Think About It: What is History?
5
Which of the following factors had the greatest impact on life for the natives after the arrival of Europeans?
Private land ownership
European aggression
New diseases
Advanced weaponry

Native American Interactions with Europeans
6
Which of the following was a key motive for Spain's colonization of Florida?
Privateers from other European countries were using Florida as a base from which to attack Spanish ships.
There were no European settlements in Florida prior to the founding of St. Augustine by the Spanish.
Large deposits of easily accessible silver and gold were found throughout the entire peninsula.
The native Timucua were immune to European diseases and thus made a strong ally for Spain.

Spanish Contact
7
What role did New World exports play in the Triangular Trade?
Textiles, rum and other manufactured goods were sent to Africa in exchange for slaves.
Organic goods like tobacco were sent back to the specific colony's mother country.
African slaves were sent to Europe in exchange for goods like sugar, tobacco and cotton.
Tobacco was used to lure Africans to the Americas where they would be enslaved.

The Atlantic World
8
Which of the following statements about governance in the northern colonies is true?
Competing political and religious ideologies were generally tolerated.
Women were invited to collaborate in the governance of both church and state.
Most adult men had the right to vote, no matter their economic status.
A central religious figure served by divine-right and was the highest authority.

Settling the Northern Colonies
9
Which English colony's establishment was driven largely by religious motivations?
Virginia
Plymouth
Roanoke
Jamestown

The English Colonial Experiment: Virginia and Massachusetts
10
Which of the following statements reflects the process of colonization?
It accelerated because of the natural advances of the Atlantic region.
It transforms an item into a product with a monetary value to buy and sell.
It began with the Silk Road that connected Europe with Asia.
It was driven by a desire for raw materials to enrich and expand European empires.

The Columbian Exchange
11
Dahlia gives a presentation on the Industrial Revolution and focuses on the role of natural resources in human affairs.

Which of the following is most likely a lens through which she is analyzing the past?
Economics
Class
Environment
Politics

The Lenses of History
12
Which of the following statements is true?
The same events lead to the same historical narratives.
History is best described as a timeline of people and events.
Names and dates are the most important aspects of studying history.
The way historians write about the same events changes over time.

The Historian's Practice
13
"Interacting with natives on somewhat equal terms was demonstrated by sitting down with them."

The above statement is most representative of which group of European explorers?
French
Dutch
Spanish
English

Think About It: How Did Europeans Justify Colonization of the New World?
14
Why did it take the New York colonists nearly 20 years to establish a legislature?
The colonists wished to prove that they could be successful without a strong government.
The colonists were too divided among themselves to establish a central government.
The Duke of York controlled the colony and didn't care to listen to colonists.
New York was still under the direct control of the English Crown and Parliament.

Settling the Middle Colonies
15
How did French Jesuits encourage the spread of Christianity in the Americas?
By living in native villages
By settling large numbers of priests throughout New France
By gathering natives into enclosed missions
By threatening to kill natives who didn't convert

French and Dutch Contact
16
Which native civilization practiced sacrificial rites that involved the removal of a living person's heart?
The Pueblo
The Olmec
The Aztec
The Maya

The First Settlers
17
Which of the following factors contributed to the racialization of slavery in the New World?
Africans were well educated and could help increase efficiency on plantations.
A high mortality rate among African parents left a lot of orphans, who were easily enslaved.
African workers refused to work for pay in America, so they were enslaved.
Skin color was an easy way to differentiate slaves from freepersons.

African Society and Slavery
18
"What involvement did women have in the antislavery movement in 1800s America?"

Consider the above research question and choose the secondary source that is best suited to answer it.
An encyclopedia entry that provides details about slavery in the United States
An encyclopedia entry that provides details about slavery in the United States
A book about the 19th century antislavery movement published this year by a historian
A speech given by an American female antislavery activist in 1852

Analyzing Primary Sources
19
Which factor initially prevented England from establishing permanent colonies in the Americas?
The government was more concerned with religious and political disputes than with sponsoring colonization of the Americas.
Religious tensions spilled over into the Americas, which led many to wait until they settled down.
English citizens were too afraid to go to the Americas after the settlement at Roanoke disappeared.
England didn't want to risk war with Spain, which already controlled much of the Americas.

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