HIS U.S. History I Unit 2 Milestone Sophia Course
HIS 104 U.S. History I Unit 2 Milestone Sophia Course
1
Which of the following was an effect of the consumer revolution in the British colonies?
Tea became as popular of a drink in the colonies as it was back in England.
New religious denominations began to result from the exchange of ideas.
Colonial tastes, like Georgian architecture, began to influence English culture.
Colonists became disconnected from England as they traded with other countries.
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CONCEPT
Growth of the Colonies
2
Which of the following happened as a result of the French and Indian War?
England gained French lands east of the Mississippi River and Spain got everything to the west.
The bond between colonists and the English back home was strengthened after fighting a common enemy.
France lost all its holdings in North America and the Caribbean, while England retained all of its territory and gained some.
Native tribes learned they could manipulate the rivalries between France and England for their own benefit.
CONCEPT
The French and Indian War
3
Nathanael Greene was an important figure in the Revolutionary War.
Select the statement that correctly identifies him.
"I realized that if I divided my troops, I could defeat the British army."
“I was in command of the military government in Charleston after the Americans' largest loss of the war.”
“I commanded the military government in Charleston after our troops forced its surrender.”
“To sustain the Revolution through the winter months, I launched surprise attacks at Trenton and Princeton.”
CONCEPT
The American War for Independence, 1775 - 1783
4
Read the quotation about a vision for American society after the American Revolution.
“Whereas the traffic of White people, heretofore countenanced by [New York] while under the arbitrary control of the British Government, is contrary to the feelings of a number of respectable Citizens, and to the idea of liberty this country [the United States] has so happily established."
According to this speaker, which American value is contradicted by the indentured servitude of white Europeans?
Democracy
Natural equality
Diversity
Religious toleration
CONCEPT
Think About It: What Did the American Revolution Mean?
5
Followers of the Enlightenment in England and its colonies believed that power must be __________ to best protect individual liberty.
consolidated
balanced
destroyed
absolute
CONCEPT
The Enlightenment and the Colonies
6
What was one way in which Native Americans challenged English colonial domination in North America?
They resisted their condition by leading a large group toward Florida, killing several English colonists en route.
They were a major power in the Caribbean and Central and South America.
They wielded enough influence to tip the balance of power in North America in favor of, or against, the English.
They established control over New Orleans and the mouth of the Mississippi River.
CONCEPT
The Challenges to the English Empire
7
What was one difficulty associated with the Proclamation of 1763?
Many land speculators continued to illegally buy native lands in secret.
Native tribes that wanted to sell their land no longer could.
Unable to print their own money, colonists had a harder time paying taxes.
Many colonists believed it deprived them of their right to trial by jury.
CONCEPT
The Aftermath of the French and Indian War
8
Which of the following motives was common among Patriots?
They wanted to restore order to the colonies.
Many wished to overthrow King George III and elect a new king.
Many viewed themselves as carrying on the legacy of the Glorious Revolution.
They were determined to fight until Parliament would listen to their demands.
CONCEPT
Choosing Sides in the American Revolution
9
Based on Olaudah Equiano's experiences as a slave, which of the following statements is true?
Only Europeans participated in taking Africans captive and selling them into slavery
The fear of being captured and sold into slavery was not really a feature of daily life in West Africa.
Capture and transport were dangerous and traumatic experiences for Africans.
African adults were targeted and could do little to prevent capture by slave traders.
CONCEPT
American Slavery from an African Perspective
10
How did colonists in Massachusetts respond to British troops searching for stockpiled arms and ammunition?
Groups of minutemen distributed arms to women and children.
Groups of minutemen forced British troops to turn back.
Groups of minutemen ambushed British troops and killed the generals.
Groups of minutemen continually carried stockpiles to new locations.
CONCEPT
Path to Revolution
11
Which of the following was part of the Townshend Acts?
Parliament enacted a trade embargo that prevented British merchants from selling textiles in the colonies.
Colonists could send representatives to Parliament, but they could not vote on matters that didn't affect the colonies.
Three additional vice-admiralty courts were established to more efficiently prosecute smugglers without juries.
The British army would only be funded with taxes raised in the colonies, which gave colonists an incentive to pay.
CONCEPT
The Townshend Acts and Protest
12
Why were protests against the Stamp Act effective in persuading British merchants to oppose the tax?
The British elected new members to parliament who opposed taxation of the colonies.
The king opposed increased taxation and removed those responsible for the Stamp Act.
The boycotts by the Daughters of Liberty hurt businesses back in Britain.
Violent protests had spread to Britain itself and threatened to upset social order.
CONCEPT
The Stamp Act
13
Which of the following describes slavery in the Northern colonies in the 18th century?
Slavery was not practiced at all in this region.
This region contained the majority of African slaves in British North America.
The slave trade played a key role in this region's maritime economy.
Slave owners in this region were the societal elite who maintained power and influence.
CONCEPT
Think About It: What Was the Importance of Slavery to the Colonies?
14
Which of the following quotations—from documents associated with the American, French and Haitian revolutions—exemplifies social contract theory?
“The demands of the citizens may always tend toward maintaining the constitution and the general welfare.”
"The Independence of St. Domingo is proclaimed. Restored to our primitive dignity, we have asserted our rights; we swear never to yield them to any power on earth..."
“Oh! Landholders of St. Domingo, wandering in foreign countries by proclaiming our independence, we do not forbid you, indiscriminately, from returning to your property...”
"When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another..."
CONCEPT
The American Revolution in a Global Context
15
Which of the following actions would be considered salutary neglect?
Colonial ship owners easily get away with selling enumerated goods to nations other than Britain.
English officials petition the crown for writs of assistance to aid their investigations of smuggling.
Colonial governors are appointed by the crown and play an active role in governance.
Colonists accused of violating the Navigation Acts are routinely broken out of prison by their compatriots.
CONCEPT
England Strengthens its Imperial Colonies
16
Which statement represents support for the theory of actual representation?
"According to our principles, only colonial assemblies may impose internal taxes. Parliament only has the authority to regulate commerce."
"Colonists do not have equal standing before Parliament and are therefore subject to all of its laws."
"Most British citizens do not meet the property requirements necessary to vote in elections."
"Every Englishman is taxed, and many do not send representatives to Parliament."
CONCEPT
Think About It: Is Taxation Un-American?
17
How had royal officials in other colonies prevented riots similar to the Boston Tea Party?
By dispatching larger numbers of soldiers to guard their ports and prevent riots.
By paying the required taxes out of their own pockets because of coercion from colonists.
By forcing merchants to turn back to England before tea could be unloaded and taxed.
By requiring merchants to unload their tea and pay taxes before vigilantes could get to it.
CONCEPT
1
Which of the following characterizes the response to the Stamp Act by the Sons of Liberty?
Riots and effigies against stamp distributors
A boycott of British goods like tea and linen
A propaganda campaign condemning the Stamp Act
A letter-writing campaign to promote colonists' constitutional rights
CONCEPT
The Stamp Act
2
Which of the following groups comprised the gentry in the Southern colonies?
Landowners who had earned their status through indentured servitude.
The free working class who wanted to be as distinct as possible from slaves.
Wealthy landowners who modeled themselves after British aristocracy.
Those who were educated but did not own land and thus could not vote.
CONCEPT
Growth of the Colonies
3
How did colonists in Massachusetts respond to British troops searching for stockpiled arms and ammunition?
Groups of minutemen distributed arms to women and children.
Groups of minutemen forced British troops to turn back.
Groups of minutemen ambushed British troops and killed the generals.
Groups of minutemen continually carried stockpiles to new locations.
CONCEPT
Path to Revolution
4
Which statement represents support for the theory of virtual representation?
"Members of Parliament represent all citizens of the empire, regardless of who elected them."
"Parliament has no authority to levy internal taxes on the colonies."
"Taxes should be imposed only by directly elected representatives."
"Colonists are entitled to all of the rights, liberties and privileges enjoyed by British citizens born and residing in England."
CONCEPT
Think About It: Is Taxation Un-American?
5
What was one difficulty associated with the Proclamation of 1763?
Native tribes that wanted to sell their land no longer could.
Many land speculators continued to illegally buy native lands in secret.
Many colonists believed it deprived them of their right to trial by jury.
Unable to print their own money, colonists had a harder time paying taxes.
CONCEPT
The Aftermath of the French and Indian War
6
Which of the following describes slavery in the Northern colonies in the 18th century?
The slave trade played a key role in this region's maritime economy.
Slavery was not practiced at all in this region.
This region contained the majority of African slaves in British North America.
Slave owners in this region were the societal elite who maintained power and influence.
CONCEPT
Think About It: What Was the Importance of Slavery to the Colonies?
7
Which of the following was part of the Townshend Acts?
Three additional vice-admiralty courts were established to more efficiently prosecute smugglers without juries.
Colonists could send representatives to Parliament, but they could not vote on matters that didn't affect the colonies.
The British army would only be funded with taxes raised in the colonies, which gave colonists an incentive to pay.
Parliament enacted a trade embargo that prevented British merchants from selling textiles in the colonies.
CONCEPT
The Townshend Acts and Protest
8
Which of the following motives was common among Patriots?
They were determined to fight until Parliament would listen to their demands.
Many wished to overthrow King George III and elect a new king.
Many viewed themselves as carrying on the legacy of the Glorious Revolution.
They wanted to restore order to the colonies.
CONCEPT
Choosing Sides in the American Revolution
9
What did Parliament intend to accomplish with the Tea Act of 1773?
By reducing taxes, colonists would be appeased and perhaps end their boycott on tea and other British imports.
By reducing taxes, imperial merchants could undercut competition from smugglers and still increase their profits.
By increasing penalties for smugglers, colonists would be pressured to buy British tea from imperial merchants.
By increasing penalties for smugglers, colonists would think twice the next time they wanted to protest a law.
CONCEPT
Boston Tea Party
10
Which of the following actions directly provoked the French and Indian War?
The Albany Plan of Union, by which the colonies conspired to take over New France.
French troops and their native allies ambushed the colonists and killed General Edward Braddock.
The colonists allied with France and native tribes against the Brittish soldiers, who treated them poorly.
English colonists invaded the Ohio River Valley, which connected the two halves of New France.
CONCEPT
The French and Indian War
11
Which of the following was a positive effect of the Navigation Acts for English colonists?
Goods shipped by sea enjoyed the protection of the English Navy.
Goods could be sold for fixed prices guaranteed by the government.
Goods could be bought from or sold to markets in other countries.
Colonists temporarily enjoyed a greater voice in government.
CONCEPT
England Strengthens its Imperial Colonies
12
Which of the following quotations—from documents associated with the American, French and Haitian revolutions—exemplifies social contract theory?
“The demands of the citizens may always tend toward maintaining the constitution and the general welfare.”
"The Independence of St. Domingo is proclaimed. Restored to our primitive dignity, we have asserted our rights; we swear never to yield them to any power on earth..."
“Oh! Landholders of St. Domingo, wandering in foreign countries by proclaiming our independence, we do not forbid you, indiscriminately, from returning to your property...”
"When in the Course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another..."
CONCEPT
The American Revolution in a Global Context
13
Based on Olaudah Equiano's experiences as a slave, which of the following statements is true?
Capture and transport were dangerous and traumatic experiences for Africans.
Only Europeans participated in taking Africans captive and selling them into slavery
The fear of being captured and sold into slavery was not really a feature of daily life in West Africa.
African adults were targeted and could do little to prevent capture by slave traders.
CONCEPT
American Slavery from an African Perspective
14
Which of the following statements best describes John Locke's Social Contract Theory?
“As long as hierarchy is observed, a nation’s citizens will have political liberty.”
“The purpose of government is to protect the individual liberties of its citizens.”
“Humans can use their senses to discover natural laws and apply them to society.”
“Man must use reason and science to combat religion and superstition.”
CONCEPT
The Enlightenment and the Colonies
15
What was one way in which Native Americans challenged English colonial domination in North America?
They resisted their condition by leading a large group toward Florida, killing several English colonists en route.
They were a major power in the Caribbean and Central and South America.
They established control over New Orleans and the mouth of the Mississippi River.
They wielded enough influence to tip the balance of power in North America in favor of, or against, the English.
CONCEPT
The Challenges to the English Empire
16
Read the quotation about a vision for American society after the American Revolution.
“This Sir, was a time in which you clearly saw into the injustice of a State of Slavery, and in which you had just apprehensions of the horrors of its condition, it was now Sir, that your abhorrence thereof was so excited, that you publickly held forth this true and invaluable doctrine, which is worthy to be recorded and remember’d in all Succeeding ages. 'We hold these truths to be Self evident, that all men are created equal, and that they are endowed by their creator with certain unalienable rights, that among these are life, liberty, and the pursuit of happyness.'”
For what is the speaker asking?
An end to capitalism
An end to political tyranny
An end to gender inequality
An end to racial slavery
CONCEPT
Think About It: What Did the American Revolution Mean?
17
Nathanael Greene was an important figure in the Revolutionary War.
Select the statement that correctly identifies him.
“I was in command of the military government in Charleston after the Americans' largest loss of the war.”
"I realized that if I divided my troops, I could defeat the British army."
“To sustain the Revolution through the winter months, I launched surprise attacks at Trenton and Princeton.”
“I commanded the military government in Charleston after our troops forced its surrender.”
CONCEPT
The American War for Independence, 1775 - 1783
Which of the following actions happened in response to the Olive Branch Petition of 1775?
King George sent Thomas Gage to Boston to restore law and order.
King George lowered the taxes on tea and required trial by jury.
King George removed advisors who had been misleading him.
King George hired German mercenaries to enforce order in the colonies.
The Glorious Revolution of 1688-1689 was the result of a dispute between which two groups?
The Catholic English monarch and his supporters, and Protestant English aristocrats, who feared a strong centralized government
The English monarchy, which had been usurped by James II, and his family, and William of Orange, the rightful heir to the throne, who had been in exile in the Netherlands
American colonists, who felt oppressed by the Navigation Acts, and the English monarchy, which exerted strong control over the colonies
The English monarchy, which had developed too close an alliance with France, and the Dutch government, who feared being taken over by the two nations
What was one difficulty associated with the Sugar Act of 1764?
Colonists worried whether the government could protect them from natives with only half its revenue.
Colonists had a difficult time coming up with the precious metals required by the act.
Colonists felt that vice-admiralty courts violated the English Bill of Rights.
Colonists played a relatively small role in the molasses trade but assumed most of the cost.
Which element was a key tenet of the Great Awakening?
The idea that individuals play a role in their own salvation
The idea that religion needs a strong, central authority
The idea that revolution was the only way to change society
The idea that people are not as sinful as previously thought
Which of the following statements about the French and Indian War is true?
The war started as a dispute between native tribes, with England and France getting involved on opposite sides to win allegiance from the natives.
Though England's government back in London directed much of the war, little money and few troops were sent to help the colonists.
The war was primarily between the French and certain native tribes, with the English supporting both sides at various points.
What had started as tension between colonists and Native Americans escalated into a global war between England and France.
Based on Olaudah Equiano's experiences, how did West Africans attempt to adapt to the realities of the slave trade?
Children stayed together and kept watch for potential slave hunters.
Adults set up traps and barriers to warn the village of a slave hunter’s approach.
Families moved their villages further inland to avoid the slave hunters.
Children accompanied their parents whenever they left the village.
Which of the following quotations—from documents associated with the American, French and Haitian revolutions—exemplifies the Enlightenment idea of natural equality?
“The demands of the citizens may always tend toward maintaining the constitution and the general welfare.”
"It must be the same for everyone whether it protects or penalizes. All citizens being equal in its eyes are equally admissible to all public dignities, offices and employments, according to their ability, and with no other distinction than that of their virtues and talents.”
"We are not ignorant that there are some among you that have renounced their former errors, abjured the injustice of their exorbitant pretensions, and acknowledged the lawfulness of the cause for which we have been spilling our blood these twelve years."
"Liberty consists in the ability to do whatever does not harm another."
Which of the following quotations—from documents associated with the American, French and Haitian revolutions—exemplifies the Enlightenment idea of natural equality?
“The demands of the citizens may always tend toward maintaining the constitution and the general welfare.”
"It must be the same for everyone whether it protects or penalizes. All citizens being equal in its eyes are equally admissible to all public dignities, offices and employments, according to their ability, and with no other distinction than that of their virtues and talents.”
"We are not ignorant that there are some among you that have renounced their former errors, abjured the injustice of their exorbitant pretensions, and acknowledged the lawfulness of the cause for which we have been spilling our blood these twelve years."
"Liberty consists in the ability to do whatever does not harm another."
Which of the following was a reason why the French posed a challenge to English colonial dominance in North America?
They led uprisings that threatened the economy and the social order in the English colonies.
They engaged in simultaneous negotiations with several European powers to protect their access to lands around the Great Lakes.
They sustained strong ties with indigenous people whose lands bordered English colonies.
They built forts and missions with the support of Spanish missionaries to increase their influence, and to protect themselves from English invasion.
Based on Olaudah Equiano's experiences as a slave, which of the following statements is true?
Historians estimate that nearly twenty million Africans were captured and transported to the Americas.
Slave hunters sought strong young men and women of child-bearing age.
Slaves were usually pre-purchased and delivered directly to their new owners in the Americas.
African traders, European merchants and American plantation owners all profited from the slave trade.
Which of the following actions happened in response to the Olive Branch Petition of 1775?
King George lowered the taxes on tea and required trial by jury.
King George removed advisors who had been misleading him.
King George sent Thomas Gage to Boston to restore law and order.
King George hired German mercenaries to enforce order in the colonies.
On what ground did the American colonists oppose the Stamp Act?
All Englishmen had a constitutional right to representation in matters of taxation.
All people, regardless of their nation, have a right to representational government.
One nation (Britain) does not have the right to tax citizens of another (America).
Parliament had no right to overrule decisions by the legislative bodies in the colonies.
Which of the following arguments was most prominent among colonists in opposing the Townshend Acts?
"External taxation is permissible, but internal taxation is a moral evil."
"The colonies shouldn't have to pay any more in taxes than those in Britain."
"Every subject of the empire deserves at least virtual representation."
"Taxation without representation is a violation of our rights."
Which statement reflects an idea or attitude associated with the Enlightenment?
“God gave the right to rule to the king, and we must never question his will.”
“Our traditions are sacred and have been proven true by our own experiences.”
“We are citizens of the world and open-minded to new ideas and ways of thinking.”
“Religious figures remain the traditional and most trusted sources of truth and understanding."
Which of the following describes slavery in the Southern colonies in the 18th century?
Slavery was less prevalent because of the absence of cash crops.
Slaves were sailors, dockworkers and domestic workers.
Slaves could own property and pass it on to their children.
Strict race-based laws were passed to control perceived threats.
Which of the following motives was common among Loyalists?
Many Loyalists remained faithful to King George because of ideology or personal factors.
Many Loyalists remained faithful because they were native to Britain and had representation.
Many Loyalists remained faithful because they didn't think the colonies could win a war.
Many Loyalists remained faithful because King George promised them representation.
George Washington was an important figure in the Revolutionary War.
Select the statement that correctly identifies him.
“I transferred 15,000 troops to the Chesapeake Bay and moved to take Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.”
“I arrived in America as a volunteer, but was soon promoted to an officer’s position in the Continental Army.”
"I led my troops across the Delaware River to Trenton, New Jersey, on an early morning raid the day after Christmas."
“I realized that to defeat the British in the south, I had to divide my troops, and the strategy worked.”
Henry Clinton was an important figure in the Revolutionary War.
Select the statement that correctly identifies him.
“I was forced to surrender my army of 5,000 soldiers to the Continental Army at Saratoga.”
"My troops forced the surrender of Charleston, from which I led a new military government."
“I was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army by the Continental Congress."
“To sustain the Revolution through the winter months, I launched surprise attacks at Trenton and Princeton.”
What was one way in which the Spanish posed a threat to English colonial domination in North America?
They offered freedom to slaves who rebelled and reached Spanish territory.
They attacked colonists over the spread of rice and tobacco cultivation.
They competed with the British for alliances with the Iroquois.
They frightened English authorities with threats of rebellion and conspiracies.
Read the quotation about a vision for American society after the American Revolution.
“An equality of property, with a necessity of alienation, constantly operating to destroy combinations of powerful families, is the very soul of a republic—while this continues, the people will inevitably possess both power and freedom; when this is lost, power departs, liberty expires, and a commonwealth will inevitably assume some other form."
According to this speaker, what is at the root of a republican society?
Religious freedom
Natural liberty
Widespread ownership of land
Racial equality
Which of the following acts of the First Continental Congress foreshadowed the creation of an independent colonial government?
The Congress recommended that each colony build militias to defend against the British.
The Congress petitioned George III as though it were a foreign government seeking aide.
The Congress declared independence from Britain and recommended that a constitution be drafted.
The Congress imposed its own taxes on British imports and denied representation to the crown.
How did Britain respond to colonial protests against the Townshend Acts?
By repealing all of the acts because of the boycott on British goods
By allowing smugglers to be tried in front of a jury of their peers
By sending four thousand additional troops to Boston
By increasing enforcement of the Acts and adding new taxes
Henry Clinton was an important figure in the Revolutionary War.
Select the statement that correctly identifies him.
“I was forced to surrender my army of 5,000 soldiers to the Continental Army at Saratoga.”
"My troops forced the surrender of Charleston, from which I led a new military government."
“I was appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Continental Army by the Continental Congress."
“To sustain the Revolution through the winter months, I launched surprise attacks at Trenton and Princeton.”
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